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Fluids and Electrolytes

Acknowledgements

The general format and content of this section of Netscut are based upon materials originally created by Dr. V. Abassi, an endocrinologist at Georgetown University Medical Center, Dept. of Pediatrics.  The following other sources were also used in creating this section:

Holliday, MA, Segar, WE. 1957. The maintenance need for water in parenteral fluid therapy. Pediatrics 19:823-832.

Jospe, N., and Forbes, G.  1996.  Fluids and electrolytes -- clinical aspects.  Pediatrics in Review 17(11):395-403.

Avner, ED.  1995.  Clinical disorders of water metabolism: hyponatremia and hypernatremia.  Pediatric Annals 24(1):23-30.

Hellerstein, S.  Fluids and electrolytes:  clinical aspects.  Pediatrics in Review 14(3):103-115.

Feld, LG, Kaskel, FJ, and Schoeneman, MJ.  1988.  The approach to fluid and electrolyte therapy in pediatrics.  Advances in Pediatrics 35:497-536.

Smulders, YM, Frissen, PHJ, Slaats, EH, Silberbusch, J. 1996. Renal tubular acidosis. Pathophysiology and Diagnosis. Archives of Internal Medicine 156:1629-1636.

Rosenbloom, AL, Hanas, R. 1996. Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA): Treatment Guidelines. Clinical Pediatrics May:261-266.

Robertson, GL. 1995. Diabetes Insipidus. Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America. 24:549-572.

Adam, P. 1997. Evaluation and management of diabetes insipidus. American Family Physician 55:2146-2152.
 
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