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Several (rare) hereditary conditions result in this sort of alkalois, including Bartter's and Gitelman's Syndromes. In both syndromes, blood pressure is generally normal. However, blood pressure is elevated with most other causes of chloride resistant metabolic alkalosis which include: renal artery stenosis, renin-secreting tumors, congential adrenal hyperplasia (11 beta-hydroxylase deficiency), administration of exogenous mineralocorticoids, primary aldosteronism, Cushing Syndrome and Liddle Syndrome.
In states of hyperaldosteronism, antagonists such as sprinolactone or
amiloride can correct the hypertension, hypokalemia and will restore the
acid-base status. In Barrter sydrome indomethacin treatment is administered
to counteract the hypersecretion of renal prostaglandins.
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